[1]孙瑞,吴志祥,陈帮乾,等.近55年海南岛气候要素时空分布与变化趋势[J].气象研究与应用,2016,37(02):1-7.
　SUN Rui,WU Zhixiang,CHEN Bangqian,et al.Spatio-temporal patterns of climatic changes in Hainan Island in recent 55 years[J].Journal of Meteorological Research and Application,2016,37(02):1-7.
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近55年海南岛气候要素时空分布与变化趋势()
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气象研究与应用[ISSN:1673-8411/CN:45-1356/P]

卷:
第37卷
期数:
2016年02期
页码:
1-7
栏目:
天气气候
出版日期:
2016-12-21

文章信息/Info

Title:
Spatio-temporal patterns of climatic changes in Hainan Island in recent 55 years
作者:
孙瑞;  吴志祥;  陈帮乾;  祁栋灵;  杨川
中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所, 海南儋州 571737
Author(s):
SUN Rui;  WU Zhixiang;  CHEN Bangqian;  QI Dongling;  YANG Chuan
Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Danzhou 573717, China
关键词:
气候要素; 时空分布; 变化趋势; 突变; 海南岛
Keywords:
climatic variables; spatio-temporal patterns; change trend; jump; Hainan Island
分类号:
P467
摘要:
采用海南岛7个气象站观测的气温、降水、平均风速、相对湿度、日照时数和蒸发量等气候要素资料,分析了1959-2013年海南岛各气候要素的时空分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:(1)海南岛多年平均降水量和相对湿度在中部山区多、西部沿海少,气温、平均风速、日照时数和蒸发量的空间分布则正好相反。(2)近55年海南岛年均气温和降水量均呈增长趋势,平均风速、相对湿度、日照时数和蒸发量降低趋势显著。其中,气温、降水量、相对湿度、平均风速、日照时数和蒸发量分别在1980、2007、1991、1983、1995和1992年前后发生突变。(3)气温增温率在海南岛中部山区琼中附近最高,降水量增长率在南部三亚附近最高;相对湿度、平均风速、日照时数、蒸发量降低率则分别在海南岛东北部区域、东部琼海附近、北部海口附近、中部山区最大。(4)气温、降水量、日照时数和蒸发量年内分布不均,而相对湿度和平均风速年内变化相对较小;各月气温和蒸发量年际变率相对较小,相对湿度、平均风速、日照时数、以及5-10月降水量年际变率相对较大。
Abstract:
Based on the observation data of major climatic variables (i.e., daily mean temperature, precipitation, average wind speed, relative humidity, sunshine duration and pan evaporation) in seven meteorological stations from 1959 to 2013, the spatio-temporal patterns of climatic changes in Hainan Island were analyzed. The results revealed that (1) the spatial variation of major climatic variables was obvious in Hainan Island, e.g., the average annual precipitation and relative humidity were the most in the central mountainous area and the least in the west of the island, whereas the spatial distribution of the rest four climatic variables was the opposite. (2) The annual mean temperature and precipitation of the island displayed a significant increasing trend while the rest four climatic variables exhibited a significantly decreasing trend during the last 55 years. According to the Mann -Kendall method, the abrupt changes of the temperature and average wind speed mainly occurred in the early 1980s, the precipitation jump mostly occurred in 2007 around, and the abrupt changes of the relative humidity, sunshine duration and pan evaporation primarily took place in the early 1990s. (3) The warming rate was the fastest in the central mountainous area and the increase rate of precipitation was the highest in the south of the island. And the dropping rates of relative humidity, average wind speed, sunshine duration and pan evaporation were the largest in the northeast, east, north and central mountainous area of the island respectively. (4) The intra-annual distribution were uneven for temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and pan evaporation while the intra-annual variations of relative humidity and average wind speed were relative small. In addition, the inter-annual variability was relative small for monthly temperature and pan evaporation and relative large for monthly average wind speed, relative humidity, sunshine duration as well as precipitation from May to October.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2015-12-08。
基金项目:中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项(1630022015012);海南省自然科学基金项目(20164172)资助。
作者简介:孙瑞(1985-),女,陕西榆林人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事气候变化及其影响研究。
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01