1961～2014年鲁西南高温日数及高温热浪时空变化特征-气象研究与应用

文章信息/Info

Title:: Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the number of high temperature days and heat wave from 1961 to 2014 in southwest of Shandong province

Author(s):: DOU Kun; SUN Cui-feng; Cheng De-hai; Dong Dong; Heze Municipal Meteorological Service, Heze 274000, China

Keywords:: high temperature days; heat wave frequency; variation characteristics

摘要:: 选取1961~2014年鲁西南9个地面气象观测站最高气温资料,统计分析了鲁西南地区高温日数、高温热浪频次分布特征及变化规律。结果表明:1961~2014年鲁西南地区年平均高温日数在10.3~14.1d之间,呈现出自西南向东北逐渐减少的空间分布特征。近54a鲁西南高温日数呈先减后增总体微弱减少的趋势,1960年代和2001~2014年是鲁西南地区平均高温日数最多的两个时段。鲁西南单站高温热浪频次在62~93次之间,也呈现自西南向东北减少的空间分布特征,轻度、中度和重度热浪空间分布特征不尽相同。鲁西南地区以轻度热浪为主,占总次数的73.91%,中度热浪占21.60%,重度热浪仅占4.49%。重度热浪发生次数最多的为曹县。1990年代以来特别是21世纪以来,高温日数和高温热浪均呈增加趋势,高温事件的防范仍应是鲁西南地区防灾减灾工作的一项重要任务。

Abstract:: Based on the data daily maximum temperature of nine ground meteorological observatories in southwest of Shandong province from 1961 to 2014, the inter-decadal spatial changes of high-temperature were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the number of annual mean high temperature days were between 10.3~14.1d per year with decreasing from southwest to northeast. After the decreasing, the high temperature days turned into increasing, and it showed lightly reducing trend in overall. The average high temperature days in 1960 s and 2001~2014 were most. high temperature heat wave frequency of single station was between 62~93 times decreasing from southwest to northeast, by contrast, the spatial distribution of mild, moderate and severe heat wave were different from each other. Mild High temperature heat was dominated, accounting for 73.91% in the total number, moderate (21.60%) and severe (4.49%). Since the 1990 s, especially the 21st century, the high temperature days and high temperature heat waves were show the tendency of increasing. So the high temperature event prevention should still be an important task for disaster prevention and mitigation in southwest of Shandong province.